mel-1 (also smel-), melǝ- : mlē-, mel-d- : ml-ed-, mel-dh-, ml-ēi- : mlī̆-, melǝ-k- : mlā-k-, mlēu- : mlū̆ -

    mel-1 (also smel-), melǝ- : mlē-, mel-d- : ml-ed-, mel-dh-, ml-ēi- : mlī̆-, melǝ-k- : mlā-k-, mlēu- : mlū̆ -

    English meaning: to grind, hit; fine, ground

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “zermalmen, schlagen, mahlen”, speziell Korn; from “zerrieben” also “fein, tender, soft” and “aufgerieben, schwach”

    Material: A. O.Ind. mr̥ṇüti, mr̥ṇati “zermalmt, mahlt”, mūrṇ á - “verwelkt, slack” and “zermalmt” (also partly with 3. mer- vermischt), mlü- ‘soft, wilted; faded, flaccid, withered, slack become”, mlütá - ‘soft gegerbt”, Av. mrüta- ds., perhaps O.Ind. malvá- “crazy, läppisch” (“*weak” in geistigem sense); compare Goth. ga-malwjan, O.H.G. molawēn, Lith. mal̃vinti; from the i-basis O.Ind. mrityati “zerfällt, löst sich auf”; Arm. malem “zerstoße” (*mel-), ml-ml-em “rub”, meɫm ‘soft, slack”, ma-mul “presses”; Gk. μύλη f., late μύλος m. “mill”, μύλλω “mahle, grind, pulverize, crunch “ (also as Lat. molō “beschlafe”: Sicil. μυλλός “pudendum muliebre”); μαλερός “zermalmend”; μάλευρον “meal, flour” is hybridization from ἄλευρον and μύλη; ἀμαλός “weak, tender”, ἀμβλύς “feeble, weak”; from the i-basis Gk. βλίτον “Melde” (compare to meaning Ger. Melde under mel-dh-), βλιτο-μάμμας “Dummkopf”, βλιτάς “wertlose wife, woman”; Alb. mjel “meal, flour” (*melu̯o- = Ger. Mehl); Lat. molō, -ere “mahlen” (= O.Ir. melid), molīna “mill”, mola “Mũhlstein”; Umbr. kumaltu, kumultu, comultu “commolitō”, kumates, comatir “commolitīs”, maletu “molito” (IE *melṓ ); Lat. mulier “woman” (from *muli̯ési, IE *ml̥-i̯ésī “die zartere”, compar. to mollis [S. 718]); marcus “hammer”, back-formation to marculus, martellus (*mal-tl-os), das a as in Lat. palma : Gk. παλάμη; Lat. malleus “hammer, beetle, hammer” from *mal-ni- “Zermalmung”; O.Ir. melim “molō” (with com- “ grind “, with to- “consume”); Welsh malu (*mel-), Bret. malaf “mahlen”, meil “mill” (*meli̯ü); O.Ir. mlith dat. “to mahlen, (*ml̥-t-), mol “Mũhlstange”; *malǝu̯ o- ‘soft” in Bret. divalo “(not tender =) raw, ugly”, Welsh malwoden ‘slime, mud”; from schwerer basis Gaul. *blüto- (Fr. blé), M.Welsh blawt, Welsh blawd, O.Corn. blot, Bret. bleud “meal, flour” (ml̥̄-tó- = Lith. mìltai) O.Ir. mlüith, M.Ir. blüith “gentle, smooth “, M.Bret. blot ‘soft, tender” (*ml̥̄-ti-; Welshmwlwg “rubbish” (*molu-ko-); Celt. *molto- in Welsh mollt, Corn. mols, Bret. maout, M.Ir. molt, Gaul.-rom. multo, -ōne “(verschnittener) aries, ram”; Goth. O.H.G. malan, O.Ice. mala “mahlen” (Gmc. a-present); O.H.G. muljan “ crunch “, O.Ice. mylia ds., O.H.G. gimulli “Gemũll” (but O.H.G. mulī, -īn, O.E. myln, O.Ice. mylna “mill” from late Lat. molīna); Goth. mulda, O.E. molda, O.Ice. mold, O.H.G. molta f. “dust, powder, earth” (*ml̥-tü); Goth. malma m. ‘sand”, O.Ice. malmr “Erz”, ablaut. O.E. mealm-stün ‘sandstein”, M.H.G. malmen “ crunch “, O.S. O.H.G. melm “dust, powder, sand” (: Lith. melmuõ “Nierenstein, Steinkrankheit”); Ger. dial. mulm “zerfallene earth, dust, powder, vermodertes wood”; O.H.G. O.S. mëlo, gen. -wes, O.E. melu-, gen. -wes, O.Ice. mjǫl “meal, flour” (*melu̯o- = Alb. miel); maybe Alb. (*malma) miellma ‘swan, white”, mal “mountain, snow white mountain” from Goth. malma m. “ white sand, dust, earth”, Molossi “Illyr. TN”, perhaps Gk Molokh f. Heb. molek, a Canaanite idol to whom children were sacrificed as burnt offerings (Lev. 18:21), held to be old. of melek king.

    Note: Illyrian and Albanian prove that Ven. FlN Mal-ont-īna “Maltein” (Kärnten), sũdIllyr. PN Malontum, etc. (Krahe, Wũrzburger Jahrb. 1, 214); are related to Lat. *mal-ont-īna, montis, mons, m. a mountain; a mass; a great rock. Also Meru “mount in India” obviously Root mel-8, melǝ- : mlō- : (to appear, come up) derived from Root mel-1 (also smel-), melǝ- : mlē-, mel-d- : ml-ed-, mel-dh-, ml-ēi- : mlī̆ -, melǝ-k- : mlü-k-, mlēu- : mlū̆ - : (to grind, hit; fine, ground). O.H.G. mil(i)wa “Milbe” (*melwjō); Goth. malō n., O.Ice. mǫlr (*molu-) “Motte (mehlmachendes Tierchen”); O.Bulg. molь (*moli-) ds., Arm. dial. mǝɣmóɣ (from *moɫmoɫ) “Motte”; very doubtful is affiliation from O.Ind. malūka- m. “kind of worm”, Arm. mlukn “bedbug”, and die from O.S. M.L.G. mol m., M.H.G. n. “Eidechse”, O.H.G. mol, molm, molt “Eidechse”, Ger. Molch, das an Arm. moɫēz “Eidechse” reminds; rather to 6. mel- S. 721; Goth. ga-malwjan “ crunch, zerstoßen”, O.Ice. mølva “in Stũcke break, rupture”, O.H.G. molawēn “tabere”; O.Ice. mjǫll “fine snow”, schw. dial. mjäl(l)a “kind of fine Sanderde” (*melnü); Goth. mulda, O.E. molde, O.H.G. molta “dust, powder, earth” (participle *ml̥-tǘ “die zerriebene”); Lith. malù, málti (Akzent the heavy basis) “mahlen”, malũnas, O.Pruss. malunis “mill”, mìltai, Ltv. mil̃ti “meal, flour” (= Welsh blawd), O.Pruss. meltan “meal, flour”; Lith. malinỹs, milinỹs , Ltv. mìlna “Quirlstange”; Lith. mal̃vinti, mulvinti “plague”; with formants -to-: Ltv. màltît, miltît “hit”; Lith. melmuõ see above; O.C.S. meljǫ, mlětь, Russ. molótь, Ser.-Cr. mljȅti (heavy basis) “mahlen”; Pol. mlon “handle, grasp an the Handmũhle” (*melnъ), Russ. mélenъ (*mel-eno), Ser.-Cr. čak. mlán (*molnъ) ds.; Ser.-Cr. mlêvo, mlijevo “Mahlgut, corn, grain” (= O.H.G. melo, Alb. mjeɫ; besides Serb. ml-î-vo, Russ. mél-i-vo “Mahlgut”); Clr. móɫot m. “ grape marc, Hũlsen from malt “, Sloven. mláto n., mláta f. “Malztreber”, Cz. mláto ds., O.Pruss. piva-maltan “Biermalz” (Gmc.? s. mel-d-) etc.; probably also (light basis) O.C.S. mlatъ, Russ. mólotъ etc. “hammer” as *mol-to- “Zermalm-ung, -er”; Church Slavic mlatiti (*moltiti) “hit”; lengthened grade mělъkъ ‘small” and O.C.S. mělъ “Kalk” etc.; Toch. A malywët “du drũckst, zertrittst”, В melye ‘sie zertreten”; Hitt. ma-al-la-i “zermalmt”; maybe Alb. mbllaçit “chew” [common Alb. m > mb shift]. with anl. s-: Nor. smola “ crunch “; M.H.G. smoln “Brotkrũmchen ablösen”, aschw. smola, smula, smule “ gobbet “ (besides O.Ice. moli ds., mǫl f. “heap from Steinen”); Ltv. smelis, smēlis “Wassersand in Felde”, Lith. smėlỹs, gen. sme ̃lio ‘sand”, smiltìs ds. B. basis m(e)lēi- : mlī- in: Welsh blin “ tired “ (*mlī-no-), abr. pl. blinion “inertes”; Ltv. blīnis “mũder person”, blĩnêt ‘siechen”; Serb. mlȉtüm, -ati “faul become, amble” (compare with ĭ: O.Ind. mrityati, Gk. βλίτον), R.C.S. mlinъ “ cake”, Russ. blin “Pfannkuchen”, Serb. mlȉnac “gewalkter dough, Matze”; Clr. mlity “vergehen”, Kaus. mloity “nausea erregen”; doubtful Serb. mlédan “lean, weak”, dial. “fade, flau” (in Slavonien mlídan), etc. here probably (as “Mahlfrucht”) Gk. μελίνη, Lat. milium (*melii̯o-), Lith. f. pl. malnos “millet, sorghum”; originally inflection *mél-i-, -n-és. C. Von an u-basis (compare Gk. ἀμβλύς, O.Ind. malvá-, Ger. Mehl etc.): Av. mruta- “aufgerieben, weak”, mrūra “aufreibend, ruinous “. mel-d- (perhaps zuerst in d-present); m(e)le-d-; ml̥du-, m(e)ldu̯i- ‘soft”. O.Ind. márdati, mr̥dnüti “zerdrũckt, reibt, reibt auf”, Av. marǝd- (mardaite; morǝnda-t̃ from *mr̥nda-) “zuschanden make”, Kaus. O.Ind. mardayati “zerdrũckt, zerbricht, bedrängt, afflicts” (diese ar. words can and become partly also IE mer-d- same meaning fortsetzen); O.Ind. mr̥dú- (= Gk. βλαδύς) “welch, tender”, fem. mr̥dvī́, compar. mradīyün, superl. mradiṣṭha-; vi-mradati “erweicht”; O.Ind. mr̥t- (mr̥d-) “earth, loam, clay”, mr̥tsná- m. n. “dust, powder, Pulver”, mr̥tsnǘ ‘schöne earth, good loam, clay” (: Mod.Ice. mylsna “dust, powder”); Arm. meɫk “ mushy, softish, delicate, mollycoddle, slack” (*meldu̯-i-); Gk. ἀμαλδύ̄νω ‘schwäche, destroy, smash” (to *[ἀ]μαλδύ-ς = O.Ind. mr̥dú-); βλαδύς, βλαδαρός ‘slack” (*μλαδ-, *ml̥d-); μέλδω ‘schmelze” (tr., med. intr. = O.E. meltan etc.); with the Vokalstellung and meaning from O.Ind. vimradati, mradīyün also βλέννα f., βλέννος n. “mucus, Rotz”, βλέννος “langsam from Verstand, verdummt” (*mled-sno-, compare O.Ind. mr̥t-sná-); Lat. mollis ‘soft, ductile, pliable” (*ml̥du̯-is, compare O.Ind. fem. mr̥dvī́); blandus ‘schmeichelnd, liebkosend, friendly” from *mlǝndo-?; Welsh blydd “gentle, tender”, Bret. ble “weak” (*ml̥do-), O.Ir. meldach “pleasant” (can also to mel-dh- belong; also:) schott.-Gael. moll m. “chaff”; M.Ir. blind, blinn “eines toten Mannes Speichel” (probably *ml̥d-sno-?); O.E. meltan “melt, verbrennen, verdauen”, O.Ice. melta “(in stomach) disband, verdauen”, Nor. molten “mũrbe, soft”, Kaus. O.E. mieltan “melt, clean, verdauen”; Goth. gа- malteins f. “Auflösung”, O.Ice. maltr “ decayed, spoil”, O.H.G. malz “hinschmelzend, feeble”; O.H.G. malz, O.E. mealt, O.S. O.Ice. malt “ malt “ (Slav. *molto, Cz. mláto etc. ds. borrowed from dem Gmc.); with O.Ind. mr̥d-, mr̥tsnǘ- compare Mod.Ice. mylsna “dust, powder”, O.E. formolsnian “to dust, powder become” (see above); with anl. s-: O.H.G. smē̆ lzan “ deliquesce, melt”, smalz “ausgelassenes fat or butter”, O.E. smolt, smylte “quiet, from the sea”, O.S. smultna “ peaceful become”; here perhaps O.H.G. milzi, O.E. milte f., milt m., O.Ice. milti “Milz” (läßt sich leicht ausstreichen, gleichsam zerschmelzen); maybe Alb. (*milzi) mëlçi “the spleen (that of a domestic animal)”. O.Bulg. mladъ, Russ. mólodъ etc. “ young, tender” (*moldo-); O.Pruss. maldai nom. pl. m. “Jungen”, maldū-ni-n acc. sg. “Jugend”, maldian “foals”; O.Pruss. maldenikis “kid, child”, O.Bulg. mladenьcь, mladьnǝcǝ “ youngling “ (*molden-, *moldin-); mel-dh- (perhaps zuerst in dh-present *mel-dh-ō ): O.Ind. márdhati, mr̥dháti “läßt after, vernachlässigt, vergißt” (“*wird soft, slack = aufgerieben”); Gk. μαλθακός ‘soft, tender, mild” (after μαλακός extended from:) μάλθη “Wachs”, μαλθώσω μαλακώσωHes., μάλθων “Weichling”, μαλθαίνω “erweiche”; here (or to mel-d-) Welsh blydd etc.; Goth. unmildjai nom. pl. “lieblos”, mildiÞa “Milde”, O.Ice. mildr “gracious, barmherzig”, O.E. milde, O.H.G. milti “milde, kind, gracious, friendly”; O.H.G. melta, O.E. melde, O.S. mæld, molda , O.H.G. malta, multa “Melde” (compare Gk. βλίτον “Melde” from *mli-to-, from the Mehlbestäubung the leaves). (s)mel-k- O.Ice. melr “ sand-hill “ (*melha-), Swe. dial. mjåg (*melga-) ds. Ltv. smelknes “Mehlabfall”, smalknes “Feilstaub, Sägespäne”, smalks “fine”, smulksne “mote, speck, Kleinigkeit”; Lith. smulkùs “fine”, smùlkti “fein become”, smulkmė “Kleinigkeit”; Lith. smiltìs, Ltv. smìlts, smil̂kts ‘sand”. melǝ-k-, mlük- ‘soft, weak, faint, languid, clownish “. Gk. μαλακός ‘soft”, βλά̄ξ, -κός ‘slack, idle, mushy, softish, delicate, mollycoddle, crazy”; βληχρός, Hom. ἀβληχρός “weak, gentle” (*μλᾱκ-σρός); μάλκη “das solidification vor coldness, Erfrieren”, μαλκί̄ω “habe vor Kälte steife Glieder” weicht in the meaning to weit ab; M.Ir. malcad “Verfaulen”; presumably M.Ir. blēn (O.Ir. *mlēn) “the groin “ from *mlaknü; O.C.S. mlьčati, Russ. molčá tь ‘schweigen” (*milkē-), O.C.S. u-mlьčiti “bezähmen”, umlьknąti “verstummen” (: Ir. malcaim “verfaule”); Bulg. Serb. mlâk “ lukewarm “, etc. in addition Lith. mùlkis (*ml̥̄ki̯os) “Dummkopf”. With -sko-: Goth. un-tila-malsks “unbesonnen”, O.S. malsc ‘stout, proud”, Ger. mulsch ‘soft”, mulschen dial. ‘sleep”.

    References: WP. II 284 ff., WH. I 508, II 16, 103 ff., Trautmann 167 f., 177, 184, 188.